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The Analysis of Tides
Tides are displacement of the particles in a celestial body caused by the attraction ars neighbouring body, Terrestrial tides are known to be related to the plisses of the moon and to) the seasonus, and are created mainly by the moon and sun. It is almost natural to attempt the prediction of tidal Phenomena bemuse, of their great regularity Indeed. the qualitative prediction of oceanic tides at various harbours has been carried on for centuries, and the quantitative prediction Was initiated by laplace (1775, 1776). Kelvin (1868, 1870). and Roberts (1868 ,1870). Any attempt at a prediction must be preceded by a scrutiny of the oberrvational material. which consists of measurements on the elevation of the water levels the detection of the vertical, the value of the gravitational acceleration, and so on at given time intervals and provides a set of numbers associated with a given loyality on the earth. The problem of prediction become's one of extending this set of numbers from the past into the future The scrutiny of tidal data, which has come to be known as the analysis of tides, is the topic of this book. Primitive analyses consisted in correlating the observation, with astronomical event, and as a consequence the analysis of tide was for a long time thought to be related to art or to wizardry. Progress in other domains of applied mathematics has shown, however, that it is but a special case of the study of time series. The net practical result of an analysis is a remarkable condensation of the obserrvational material. The information contained in a roll of paper 90 m long showing the pen record of the water level at a station during the course of 1 year, when distilled by an analysis, may be put on a 7 x 12 cm card and consists of only a few dozen pairs of numbers. These numbers are the soul or the quintessence of the record, and may be used to generate predictions on the future behaviour of the function studied. that is emphasized involves the satellite monitoring of possible human impacts on the climate system through stratospheric ozone depletion, deforestation, desertification, and cloud cover augmentation.
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