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Facies Models
The broad understanding of depositional systems is becoming increasingly important in modelling the movement of ground water and pollutants through surficial unconsolidated sediments, where the movement is partly a function of the geometry of permeable and impermeable layers. The modus operandi, or way of working on sedimentary rocks, depends on the objectives. Studies of ancient depositional environments commonly begin with stratigraphic measurements and correlations, in order to define the rock types present, their three dimensional geometry, and their internal sedimentary structures. The measurement of a vertical stratigraphic section implies that it will be subdivided into a series of different units, each with different thicknesses and characteristics. The different aspect of each measurement unit is summarized by the term facies. Primary descriptive characteristics include lithology, sedimentary structures and biological features.
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